In Vitro Antioxidant Activity and Estimation of Total Phenolic Content in Ethyl Acetate Extract of Ocimum Gratissimum

Ojo, O. A and Oloyede, O.I and Olarewaju, O.I and Ojo, A.B (2013) In Vitro Antioxidant Activity and Estimation of Total Phenolic Content in Ethyl Acetate Extract of Ocimum Gratissimum. In Vitro Antioxidant Activity and Estimation of Total Phenolic Content in Ethyl Acetate Extract of Ocimum Gratissimum, 3 (37). pp. 1-8. ISSN 1827-8620

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Abstract

Antioxidants play an important role in inhibiting and scavenging free radicals, thus providing protection to human against degenerative diseases. Current research is now directed towards natural antioxidants originated from plants due to safe therapeutics. Ocimum gratissimum is used in traditional medicine for a wide range of various ailments. To understand the mechanism of pharmacological actions and investigate the antioxidant activity of the plant. The antioxidant properties of the Ocimum gratissimum ethyl acetate extract were tested using standard in vitro models and total phenolic content. The antioxidant activity of the extract increased in a dose dependent manner as well as the reducing power indicating some compounds in Ocimum gratissimum is both electron donors and could react with free radicals to convert them into more stable products and to terminate chain reactions. The extract had IC50 values for chelating effect of to be 5.51 mg/ml. In DPPH radical scavenging assay, the IC50 value was 1.58 mg/ml. The extract was found to inhibit the nitric oxide radicals generated from sodium nitroprusside, the IC50 values for nitric oxide scavenging ability was 13.17 mg/ml. However, it was also found to inhibit the hydroxyl radical generated by the deoxyribose method, the IC50 values was 6.48mg/ml. The total phenolic contents of Ocimum gratissimum determined in this study were 10.34±0.47 mg GAE/g.This study suggests that the extract of Ocimum gratissimum have potent antioxidant activity against free radicals, prevent oxidative damage to major biomolecules and afford significant protection against oxidative damage.

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