Nicotine-Cadmium Interaction Alters Exploratory Motor Function and Increased Anxiety in Adult Male Mice

Ajonijebu, Duyilemi Chris and Adeniyi, Philip Adeyemi and Adekeye, Adeshina Oloruntoba and Olatunji, Babawale Peter and Ishola, Azeez Olakunle and Ogundele, Olalekan Michael (2014) Nicotine-Cadmium Interaction Alters Exploratory Motor Function and Increased Anxiety in Adult Male Mice. Journal of Neurodegenerative Diseases. pp. 1-10.

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Abstract

In this study we evaluated the time dependence in cadmium-nicotine interaction and its effect on motor function, anxiety linked behavioural changes, serum electrolytes, and weight after acute and chronic treatment in adult male mice. Animals were separated randomly into four groups ofn= 6 animals each. Treatment was done with nicotine, cadmium, or nicotine-cadmium for 21 days. A fourth group received normal saline for the same duration (control). Average weight was determined at 7-day interval for the acute (D1-D7) and chronic (D7-D21) treatment phases. Similarly, the behavioural tests for exploratory motor function (open field test) and anxiety were evaluated. Serum electrolytes were measured after the chronic phase. Nicotine, cadmium, and nicotinecadmium treatments caused no significant change in body weight after the acute phase while cadmium-nicotine and cadmium caused a decline in weight after the chronic phase. This suggests the role of cadmium in the weight loss observed in tobacco smoke users. Both nicotine and cadmium raised serum Ca 2+ concentration and had no significant effect on K + ionwhencomparedwith the control. In addition, nicotine-cadmium treatment increased bioaccumulation of Cd 2+ in the serum which corresponded to a decrease in body weight, motor function, and an increase in anxiety.

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