Otorhinolaryngological Manifestation of Allergy in South Western Nigerian Children

Adegbiji, WA and Olajide, GT and Olubi, O and Olajuyin, AO and Aluko, AA and Olatoke, F (2018) Otorhinolaryngological Manifestation of Allergy in South Western Nigerian Children. Journal of Allergy & Therapy, 9 (2). pp. 1-6. ISSN 2155-6121

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Abstract

Background: Allergy is a systemic, chronic and recurrent disorder of otorhinolaryngological importance. This disorder is often neglected with late presentation in paediatric age group. This study aimed at determining the prevalence, sociodemographic features, trigger factors, clinical features, complications, quality of life, associated comorbid illnesses and treatment outcome among children. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective hospital based study of children with allergy in our center. The study was carried out over a period of one year from May 2017 to April 2018. Data were obtained by using pretested self-administered questionnaire. Data obtained were documented, collated and analyzed by using SPSS version 18.0 Results: Prevalence of allergy in this study was 8.6%. There were 60.2% male with male to female ratio of 1.5:1. There was positive family history of allergy in 55.9% patients. Perennial allergy was the commonest in 68.3% of the children. Major forms of allergens were 71.5% inhalant and 9.7% ingestant. The common self-reported trigger factors were dust, cold weather and smoke in 58.1%, 41.9% and 22.0% respectively. Major associated comorbid illnesses in this study were 43.5% adenotonsillar hypertrophy. Commonest allergic symptoms were runny nose in 38.7%. The commonest affected organ was nose in 46.8%. Commonly affected quality of life was 22.6% irritability, 20.4% absenteeism, 19.9% sleep disruption and 12.9% impaired social life. Common complications were 48.9% secondary infection, 46.2% otitis media/externa, 44.1% injury, 42.5% foreign body impaction and 40.3% pharyngitis. Treatment of allergy leads to improvement and recovery from the clinical features in 52.2%. No significant improvement in 47.8%. Conclusion: Allergy is a systemic disease affecting ear, nose and throat. It affects all paediatric age group with associated comorbid illnesses, complications and affectation of quality of life at presentation in majority of the patients.

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