Ameliorative effect of stem bark extract of Piptadenia africana on ethanol- induced toxicity in male wistar rats

Nwozo,, Sarah Onyenibe and Oyinloye, Babatunji Emmanuel (2015) Ameliorative effect of stem bark extract of Piptadenia africana on ethanol- induced toxicity in male wistar rats. Scholars Research Library. ISSN 0975-5071

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Abstract

Alcohol consumption is a major culprit in the produ ction of reactive oxygen species that enhances lipi d peroxidation in the liver. In the present study, we evaluated th e effect of daily oral administration of methanol s tem bark extract of Piptadenia africana in ethanol induced hepatotox icity. Thirty six male rats were randomly assigned into six groups. Ethanol toxicity was induced by exposing th e rats to 45% ethanol (4.8 g/kg bw) administered by oral gavage. After treatment for 8 weeks, the animals we re sacrificed and biochemical parameters like lipid profile, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, indices o f liver toxicity such as aspartate amino transferas e (AST), alanine amino transferase (ALT) and alkaline phosph atase (ALP), extent of lipid peroxidation as well a s histopathological examination of the liver sections were evaluated. Chronic alcohol administration cau sed marked injury to liver cells as seen on the liver sections as well as elevated serum levels of AST, ALT and A LP with concomitant increase in triglycerides, total choles terol, low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) and malonydialdehde (MDA). Decrease in antioxidant acti vities as well as high-density-lipoprotein choleste rol (HDL-c) was also noticed. Rats pretreated with plant extrac t prior to ethanol exposure had decreased levels of AST, ALT, ALP, triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDLc, MDA and enhanced levels of enzymatic and non-enzymatic ant ioxidants as well as HDL-c. Intake of P. africana at the dosa ge of 100 or 200 mg/kg bw in this study was able to ameliorate the toxic response to chronic ethanol consumption i n rats and this could be attributed to its bioactiv e constituents.

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