Clinicoepidemiological Survey of Tonsillitis in Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria

Adegbiji, Waheed Atilade and Aremu, Shuaib Kayode (2020) Clinicoepidemiological Survey of Tonsillitis in Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria. International Journal of Surgical Research, 9 (1). pp. 1-6.

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Abstract

Background: Tonsillitis is a common throat infection with poor documentation in developing countries. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the prevalence, sociodemographic features, clinicoepidemiological survey, and bacteriology of tonsillitis among patients in our practice. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective study of all patients with a diagnosis of tonsillitis at Ekiti state university teaching hospital, Ado Ekiti, Nigeria. Data was collected using a pretested interviewer assisted questionnaire. Bacteriological investigations of tonsils were done and results were recorded. Data obtained were collated and analyzed using SPSS version 18.0. Results: Prevalence of tonsillitis was 12.7%. There were 55.5% males and male to female ratio was 1.2:1. A family history of tonsillitis occurred in 65.9%. The commonest type of tonsillitis in this study was 59.1% recurrent tonsillitis. The majority 38.4% of the patients were referred by a paediatrician. The majority 70.7% of the patients were seen in the ear, nose, and throat outpatient clinic. Most of the patients presented with fever, sore throat, and odynophagia in 72.6%, 71.3%, and 60.4% respectively. Frequent findings on clinical examination were 54.9% enlarged tonsils and 52.4% neck pain/cervical lymphadenopathy. No bacteria were isolated from 25.0% patients while common isolated bacteria were 11.6% Staphyloccocus aureus and 8.5% Streptococcus species. In this study, isolated Streptococcus species and Staphylococcus aureus showed 100% sensitivity to cefuroxime, gentamicin, azithromycin, and ceftazidime. Commonest associated complication was otitis media in 18.9%. Conclusion: Tonsillitis is quite a prevalent febrile illness with a sore throat and enlarged tonsils. Diagnosis is commonly omitted, poorly treated with associated complications at presentation to the specialist clinic.

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