Dynamics and Tyreus-Luyben Tuned Control of a Fatty Acid Methyl Ester Reactive Distillation Process

Abdulwahab, GIWA and Saidat Olanipekun, GIWA (2015) Dynamics and Tyreus-Luyben Tuned Control of a Fatty Acid Methyl Ester Reactive Distillation Process. International Journal Of Engineering Research and General Science, 3 (5). pp. 1-11. ISSN 2091-2730

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Abstract

This research work has been carried out to apply Tyreus-Luyben technique in tuning proportional-integral (PI) and proportionalintegral-derivative (PID) controllers to the control of a reactive distillation process used for the production of methyl palmitate, a fatty acid methyl ester, from the esterification reaction between palmitic acid and methanol. The model used to represent the process was obtained from the work of Giwa et al. (2015c), and its open loop dynamics was first studied before carrying out its closed loop simulations with the aid of the model of the process developed in Simulink that was run via MATLAB mfile. The results obtained from the open loop dynamic simulation of the process revealed that the developed Simulink model of the process was correct because the responses were discovered to compare very well with those obtained in the work of Giwa et al. (2015b and c). The results of the servo closed loop simulation carried out using the Tyreus-Luyben tuned PI and PID controllers showed that the system was able to get stabilized within the simulation time considered for the two control systems. However, the performance of the PID controller was found to be better because its estimated integral absolute error and integral squared error were lower. Furthermore, when the system was simulated for regulatory problem, the responses given by the two control systems were found to be very satisfactory. Moreover, from the values obtained when the integral absolute error and the integral squared error of the controllers were calculated for the regulatory problem, the PID controlled system was found to be better for this process. The comparison of the results obtained in the servo control of this work with that of Giwa et al. (2015b) revealed that Tyreus-Luyben tuning technique was the best for estimating the parameters for PI and PID controllers for the process considered because the number of oscillations observed in this case was found to be low. Also, the comparison made between the results of the regulatory control of this work to that of Giwa et al. (2015c) showed that the tuning technique (Tyreus-Luyben) investigated in this work was able to make the system maintain the desired state with lesser oscillations.

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