Review of Nasal Foreign Bodies in Children at a Rural Federal Medical institution in South West, Nigeria

Olajide, T. Gabriel and Olayade, K. Okunade and Dunmade, A. David and Agboola, S. Mathew (2014) Review of Nasal Foreign Bodies in Children at a Rural Federal Medical institution in South West, Nigeria. Advances in Medical Sciences, 3 (1). pp. 1-6. ISSN 2315-9227

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Abstract

Otolaryngologist frequently encountered nasal foreign bodies particularly among children. This study reviews the types of nasal foreign bodies, clinical presentation, treatment options, and outcome in children seen at Ido-Ekiti, South West Nigeria. This was a retrospective review of all children with nasal foreign body that were managed over a period of 5 years, at the Federal Medical Centre, Ido-Ekiti, Nigeria. A total of 52 out of 65 patients with nasal foreign bodies had complete data for analysis. The male: female ratio was 1.4:1, aged 1-11 years with a mean of 3.4 years ± 1.6 SD. The age group 0-5 years was mostly affected in 90.4%. The commonest foreign bodies were stones in 19.2% of cases. Right nasal cavity was mostly affected in 78.8% patients. Source of referral of patients to ENT Clinic was from general outpatient department (GOPD) in 42.3%. Attempt at removal of foreign body before presentation was made in 26.9 % of our patients. Rhinorrhoea was commonest form of presentation in 24 patients with 6 of them having associated foul smelling. Majority, 34.6% present in our clinic within one day of foreign body insertion. Most of the foreign bodies (76.9%) were removed under direct vision with Jobson-Horne probe or Nasal forceps. General anaesthesia was used in 23.1% cases. Minimal bleeding was noticed in 23.1 % of the patients. No mortality was recorded. Nasal foreign bodies are common in pediatric setting usually below the age of 5 years. Early recognition and referral of difficult cases to Otolaryngologist will prevent morbidity and mortality. Health education and public awareness on the danger of foreign body in the nose, keeping small objects away and constant watchful with monitoring of these children at home and schools is advocated.

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