Socio-demographic profile, lifestyle changes and comorbid ailments as predictors of medication adherence among hypertensive patients attending federal teaching hospital, ido-ekiti, southwestern, Nigeria

Ibrahim, Azeez O. and Agbesanwa, Tosin A. and Ajetunmobi, Adewumi O and Kolawole, Fasanmi T. and Fashola, Adebayo M. and Olanrewaju, Moronkeji T. (2020) Socio-demographic profile, lifestyle changes and comorbid ailments as predictors of medication adherence among hypertensive patients attending federal teaching hospital, ido-ekiti, southwestern, Nigeria. Journal of Integrative Cardiology, 6. pp. 1-8. ISSN 2058-3702

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Abstract

Background: Non-adherence to anti-hypertensive medications is a modifiable risk factor for uncontrolled hypertension. Despite the availability of tolerable antihypertensive drugs, majority of patients are still not adherent to their medications. Aim: To investigate Socio-demographic profile, lifestyle changes and comorbid ailments as predictors of medication Adherence among hypertensive patients attending Federal Teaching Hospital, Ido-Ekiti, Southwestern, Nigeria. Methods: Hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 356 hypertensive patients on follow up. Systematic random sampling technique was adopted to recruit the 356 respondents. Semi-structured interviewer administered questionnaire was employed to seek information on respondents’ socio-demographic characteristics, lifestyle changes, comorbid ailments, and number of antihypertensive medications. Adherence level was determined using the Morisky’s Medication Adherence Scale. Data was analyzed using SPSS 20. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify the predictors of medication adherence. Results: The prevalence of medication adherence was 60.4%. In multivariate analysis; male gender (OR, 15.85, 95% CI: 4.33 – 58.11) level of education (OR, 16.94, 95% CI: 1.13 – 253.06) habits of salt usage (OR, 284, 95% CI: 29.35 – 2748.37) and two anti-hypertensive drugs (OR, 15.13, 95% CI: 4.78 – 47.867) were the predictors of good medication adherence. On the other hand, trading (OR, 0.13, 95% CI: 0.02 – 0.78) was associated with poor medication adherence. Conclusion: The prevalence of medication adherence was low. Trading was the predictor of poor medication adherence. Therefore, clinicians and other stakeholders should target this set of occupation and provide qualitative health education to improve their medication adherence level.

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